A building’s roof is essential for preserving its structural integrity and protecting inhabitants from rain and snow. This guide covers everything you need about roofing, including the different varieties, installation methods, and maintenance advice.
A roof’s frame consists of rafters or prefabricated trusses and is supported by sheathing, typically plywood or oriented strand board. The sheathing is what shingles and other roof components are installed directly on top of. Contact Roofing Missoula MT now!
Plywood is a versatile engineered wood material that’s ideal for roofing construction. It provides strength and stability to the structure while also enhancing its aesthetics, making it an excellent choice for homeowners and builders alike. Its resistance to harsh weather conditions also means that it will last longer and reduce repair costs in the long run.
Plywood comes in a variety of grades, thicknesses, and sizes, depending on the specific application it will be used for. For instance, there is a construction grade that is used for its strength and durability, while decorative plywood is made from hardwoods like ash (Fraxinus sp), oak (Quercus sp), maple (Acer sp), Philippine mahogany also called seraya, and rosewood (Dalbergia sisso). There’s even marine-grade plywood that can be placed in moist environments for extended periods of time and doesn’t have any small gaps or voids where water can enter.
Veneer core plywood is the most common type of plywood. It consists of layers of veneers that are glued together with a waterproof adhesive to form solid sheets. This makes it suitable for use in roofing applications, as well as for furniture and other structural applications.
Moreover, it has an excellent screw-holding capability and is less prone to warping than solid wood. This is why it remains a popular building material. It’s also available in a variety of thicknesses to suit different roofing construction needs.
Another type of plywood that can be used for roofing is OSB board, which stands for Oriented Strand Board. Unlike standard plywood, OSB boards are made from compressed wood strands that are interleaved and bonded with urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde adhesive. The result is a solid panel that can withstand heavy loads and doesn’t have any voids or gaps.
Other types of plywood that can be used in roofing are shuttering ply and CDX plywood. The former is preferred for temporary structures, such as those on construction sites, that prioritize ease of installation and removal over long-term durability. It’s also easy to treat with a protective coating and can be adapted for various roofing types and conditions.
Shingles
Shingles are the elements that cover a roof and protect it from harsh weather conditions. They are usually made from a variety of materials including wood, asphalt and clay. They are available in a wide range of sizes and shapes and are layered to form overlapping rows.
Wood shingles are a time-honored roofing material that have been in use for centuries. They are durable and attractive, blending well with many design aesthetics. They are susceptible to water damage but can be treated to resist mold and mildew. They also come in a variety of colors to complement your home’s exterior. Wood shingles are ideal for cottages or coastal homes, and they’ll look especially nice on a Nantucket-style or Tudor Revival house.
Asphalt shingles are a popular option for homeowners due to their low cost. They are available in a range of styles and colors and can be used with any roof style. They are backed by a layer of fiberglass that helps to reinforce their strength and durability. The top of the shingle contains an outer layer that is composed of quarried and crushed rock granules. These granules help to protect the asphalt from UV rays and add fire resistance to the shingle.
The bottom of the shingle is comprised of a layer of asphalt that provides insulation and protection from the impact of hail. The asphalt layer also serves to prevent moisture buildup under the shingle.
Composite shingles are another type of roofing shingle that is manufactured from an all-natural material. They can be produced in any type of shape or size and are a great choice for those looking for the beauty of wood without its drawbacks. They are less expensive than natural wood shingles and offer better resistance to UV rays.
In addition to regular maintenance, shingles require periodic inspections to ensure that they’re in good condition and that there are no problems with the flashing or other areas of the roof. It’s also a good idea to keep the trees on or near your roof trimmed regularly, as falling branches can damage or puncture shingles.
Underlayment
Underlayment is a key element of your roof, and while it may seem trivial, this material plays a critical role in keeping water out and protecting your home. Underlayment is a layer of either asphalt saturated felt or modern synthetic materials that is placed over the entire roof deck before shingles are installed.
Felt underlayment offers excellent weather protection because it helps keep snow, rain, and ice from penetrating the roof deck and causing damage. It also prevents water from seeping under shingles in the event that the shingle layer is blown loose during a strong storm.
Unlike traditional felt underlayment, modern synthetic products are made from multiple layers of polymers that are woven together and then coated with fiberglass for extra strength. This product is highly durable and resistant to UV rays, mold, and other harmful elements that can affect the lifespan of your roof. These underlayments are available from most metal roof suppliers, and they can be ordered along with other roofing materials as part of a complete roof installation.
Synthetic underlayments are also incredibly lightweight, making them easier for contractors to carry and install on the roof. This reduces the stress on the roof’s structure and frame, and it also makes it more comfortable for workers to work in hot temperatures. Some types of synthetic underlayments are even fire-resistant, which can be an important consideration if you live in a high-risk area.
While you might be able to find some synthetic underlayment in big box stores, it is best to purchase this material from your metal roofing supplier. This will ensure you get a high-quality product that is backed by a manufacturer’s warranty and can be returned if you aren’t satisfied with it. Many of these manufacturers offer warranties of up to 50 years, so you can rest assured that your new roof will stand the test of time. Many of these underlayments are also recyclable, which is another plus if you’re looking for eco-friendly options for your home’s exterior.
Flashing
Flashing is a thin material that roofers use to protect vulnerable areas of a roof, such as the area where a wall or other structure intersects with the roof. Flashing prevents water from seeping into these areas and causing damage to the underlying materials or building interior. It also helps to direct rainwater away from the walls of a house, so that it can flow off the roof and into gutters or down a drainpipe.
Flashing can be made from a variety of metals, such as aluminum or copper. It is commonly used in areas of a roof that are prone to leaks, such as roof valleys (where two downward slopes meet) or around roof penetrations like chimneys, vents, and skylights. It can also be installed where a roof meets another structure, such as walls, dormers, or eaves.
There are a number of different types of flashing, and the type that is best for an application will depend on the materials and design of the project in question. For example, copper flashing can last longer than galvanized steel, and it can be more visually appealing, especially when it develops a green patina over time. It is also less prone to corrosion than other metals.
Base flashing is the first type of flashing that a roofer will usually install on a home. It consists of long strips of flashing material that are placed in an ascending series that looks a bit like steps, with each strip covering the gap between adjacent shingles. This kind of flashing is typically used in the corners of a dormer or wall, and it is often installed alongside chimneys during new construction or roofing replacement projects.
Vent pipe flashing is a special type of flashing that is used to seal the gap where a roof vent or other plumbing pipe protrudes from the roof. This flashing is typically built into the structure of the roof, and it can be made from a variety of materials, depending on the type of pipe in question.
Generally, roof flashing is installed in areas where there are a high risk of leaks. It can help to prevent damage from snow and ice, as well as from the build-up of ice dams. It is generally best to replace all flashing when a roof is being replaced, but in certain cases, it may be possible for a roofer to reuse existing flashing on a repair job.